Analysis of clinical features and treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical features and treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted. From January 2012 to July 2021, 25 patients with PG who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Beijing Fucheng Hospital, including 16 males and 9 females, with the age of onset of disease being 14 to 75 years. Among them, the classification of PG identified 17 cases of ulcerative type, 6 cases of pustular type, 1 case of proliferative type, and 1 case of bullous type. Six patients were accompanied with systemic diseases, while 19 patients were not accompanied with systemic diseases. At the same time of systemic treatment with glucocorticoids, dressing changes or surgical skin grafting was performed on the wounds. The results of laboratory and histopathological examinations, the overall curative effects and follow-up of patients, the wound healing time of patients with negative and positive microbial culture results of wound secretion specimens, and the curative effects of patients with and without systemic diseases were analyzed. Results: The results of blood routine examination of 19 patients were abnormal, and all the immunological indexes were normal in all the patients; the microbial culture results of wound secretion specimens were positive in 14 patients; and the histopathological examination results of ulcer boundary tissue in 15 patients with rapid wound progress were mainly local tissue inflammatory changes. The wounds were cured in 17 patients, mostly healed in 7 patients, and not healed in 1 patient. After one-year's follow-up, the PG in 3 patients relapsed due to self-discontinuation of medication after discharge, and the wounds were healed gradually after adjustment of medication, while the remaining patients had no relapse. The days of wound healing in 14 patients with positive microbial culture results of wound secretion specimens were 21-55 days, and the days of wound healing in 11 patients with negative microbial culture results in wound secretion specimens were 20-54 days. In the 6 patients with systemic diseases, the wounds of 3 patients were cured, and the wounds of the other 3 patients were mostly healed. In the 19 patients without systemic diseases, the wounds of 14 patients were cured, the wounds of 4 patients were mostly healed, and the wound of 1 patient was not healed. Conclusions: The laboratory examination and pathological manifestations of patients with PG lacks characteristics, and their clinical manifestations are rich and diverse, thus PG can be easily misdiagnosed. The glucocorticoids combined with immunosuppressive therapy have good effects on PG. Surgical intervention can be performed on the wounds. Specifically, excessive debridement is not recommended in the acute phase, but skin grafting can be performed in the contraction phase.

Pioderma gangrenoso após mamoplastia redutora: desafios diagnóstico e terapêutico / Pyoderma gangrenosum after reduction mammoplasty: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges

O pioderma gangrenoso (PG) é doença inflamatória da pele, que pode se desenvolver espontaneamente, associado a certas doenças sistêmicas e neoplásicas, ou ao trauma cirúrgico, incluindo os das mamas. Há relatos cada vez mais frequentes, considerando o aumento desse procedimento nos dias atuais. A manifestação clínica das úlceras é característica e deve ser lembrada nas evoluções cicatriciais desfavoráveis com intensa reação inflamatória, perdas teciduais, secreção sanguinolenta e/ ou purulenta, fundo granuloso e bordas elevadas. Relatase o caso de paciente que teve pioderma gangrenoso após mamoplastia redutora. Respondeu ao corticosteroide sistêmico, e vem evoluindo sem recidivas até o momento.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an inflammatory disease of the skin that may develop spontaneously. It is associated with certain systemic and neoplastic diseases, including those of the breasts. PG is also associated with surgical trauma. It has been increasingly reported, along with the increase in the incidence of reduction mammoplasty procedures. The clinical manifestation of ulcers is characteristic of PG and it should be considered in cases of poor healing with intense inflammatory reaction, tissue loss, bloody and/ or purulent secretion, granular background, and lesions with high edges. We describe a patient who developed PG after reduction mammoplasty. She has since responded to systemic corticosteroids and has had no relapse to date.

Pyoderma gangrenosum: a review with special emphasis on Latin America literature

Abstract Pyoderma gangrenosum is a neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by chronic ulcers due to an abnormal immune response. Despite the existence of diagnostic criteria, there is no gold standard for diagnosis or treatment. In Latin America, recognizing and treating pyoderma gangrenosum is even more challenging since skin and soft tissue bacterial and non-bacterial infections are common mimickers. Therefore, this review aims to characterize reported cases of pyoderma gangrenosum in this region in order to assist in the assessment and management of this condition. Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, and Chile are the countries in Latin America that have reported the largest cohort of patients with this disease. The most frequent clinical presentation is the ulcerative form and the most frequently associated conditions are inflammatory bowel diseases, inflammatory arthropaties, and hematologic malignancies. The most common treatment modalities include systemic corticosteroids and cyclosporine. Other reported treatments are methotrexate, dapsone, and cyclophosphamide. Finally, the use of biological therapy is still limited in this region.

Adjunctive Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy promotes successful healing in patients with refractory Crohn's disease

PURPOSE: To investigate de adjunctive effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in a group of patients with refractory Crohn's disease. METHODS: A total of 29 subjects with refractory Crohn's disease were submitted to daily sessions of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, in a 2800 Sechrist Monoplace Hyperbaric Chamber (Sechrist, USA) pressurized to 2.4 ATA. Each session lasted 2 hours. The endpoint was closure of enterocutaneous fistulas and complete healing of Pyoderma Gangrenosum and perineal Crohn's disease. RESULTS: A total of 829 HBOT sessions were performed and no complications were noted. Overall success rate was 76% (22 cases). Pyoderma Gangrenosum and enterocutaneous fistulas had the highest successful healing rates (100% and 91%, respectively). Perineal Crohn's disease healing rate was 65%. CONCLUSION: Adjunctive Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy promoted satisfactory healing in a group of patients with refractory Crohn's disease.

Pioderma gangrenoso como presentación inicial de colitis ulcerativa / Pyoderma gangrenosum as a initial presentation of ulcerative colitis

Varón de 42 años a quien se diagnosticó pioderma gangrenoso de manera extensa, en sus formas vesicular, bulosa y ulcerativa simultáneamente, como manifestación inicial de colitis ulcerativa. Cumplió con criterios clínicos para la lesión dérmica, así como endoscópicos e histológicos para colitis ulcerativa. Tuvo respuesta clínica favorable a corticosteroides y sulfusalazina por vía oral...

A 42 year-old man whom an extense pyoderma gangrenosum was diagnosed with simultaneously vesicular, bullous and ulcerative skin lesions as an initial manifestation of ulcerative colitis is presented. It met clinical criteria for dermal lesion as well as endoscopic and histologic features for ulcerative colitis. The clinical response was excellent to corticosteroids and sulfasalazin orally after a week of treatment...

Pioderma gangrenoso en nino: reporte de caso / Pyoderma gangrenosum in a child: a case report

El pioderma gangrenoso es una enfermedad cut nea ulcerativa cr¢nica, recurrente y rara. Su etiopatogenia es a£n incierta pero la asociaci¢n con enfermedadessist‚micas orienta a una alteraci¢n inmunol¢gica. Se conocen cuatro variantes cl¡nicas y la m s com£nn es la forma ulcerativa. El diagn¢stico es cl¡nico y de descarte. La histolog¡a se caracteriza por un infiltrado neutrof¡lico de la dermis. El tratamiento de elecci¢n son los glucocorticoides orales. Se reporta n caso representativo de pioderma gangrenosa ulcerativo asociado a lupus eritematoso sist‚mico.

The pyoderma gangrenosum is a cutaneous illness ulcerative chronic, recurrent and rare. Its pathogenesis is still unclear, but the association with systemic diseases directed to an inmunological disorder. The diagnosis is clinical and discard. The histology is characterized by neutrophilic infiltrate of the dermis. The treatment of choice is oral corticosteroids. We report a typical case of ulcerative pyoderma gamgrenosum associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Pyoderma gangrenosum: skin grafting and hyperbaric oxygen as adjuvants in the treatment of a deep and extensive ulcer / Pioderma gangrenoso: enxerto de pele e oxigenoterapia hiperbarica como adjuvantes no tratamento de ulcera extensa e profunda

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare dermatosis of unknown etiology and variable clinical presentation. The disease is challenging for the medical staff, from the frequent diagnostic difficulties to the lack of scientific evidence with a good level to support the management of extensive and refractory cases. Our patient is a 50 year-old man with an extensive and deep ulcer on the left leg, which exemplifies the therapeutic difficulties inherent to the disease and who, fortunately, has progressed with excellent result after association of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and skin grafting to the immunosuppression therapy initially proposed.

Pioderma gangrenoso é dermatose rara de etiologia não completamente compreendida e apresentação clínica variável. A doença apresenta muitos desafios à equipe médica, desde a freqüente dificuldade diagnóstica até a inexistência de evidências científicas com bom nível para condução de casos extensos e refratários. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente masculino, 50 anos, com úlcera extensa e profunda em perna esquerda, que exemplifica bem a dificuldade terapêutica e que, felizmente, evoluiu com excelente resultado após associação de oxigenoterapia hiperbárica e enxertia de pele ao tratamento imunossupressor inicialmente proposto.

Oxigenoterapia hiperbárica como tratamento adjuvante do pioderma gangrenoso / Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an adjuvant treatment for pyoderma gangrenosum

O pioderma gangrenoso é uma dermatose neutrofílica, rara da pele e do tecido subcutâneo, caracterizada por um processo necrosante progressivo e doloroso. A conduta no Pioderma gangrenoso requer, com frequência, o uso de drogas sistêmicas, tais como: corticoides, sulfonas e imunossupressoras, seja de maneira isolada, seja em combinação. Muitos relatos, na literatura, documentam o tratamento com êxito do Pioderma gangrenoso, com a oxigenoterapia hiperbárica. No nosso caso, uma jovem com lesões extensas e muito dolorosas, o tratamento com oxigenoterapia hiperbárica associado ao corticoide e imunossupressor promoveu cicatrização, com excelente resultado, com fechamento rápido da lesão e diminuição do desconforto.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis of skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized by a painful and progressive necrotizing process. The management of pyoderma gangrenosum often requires systemic drug therapy, such as corticosteroids, sulfones or immunosuppressants, either alone or in combination. Several reports in the literature document the successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. In our case, hyperbaric oxygen therapy associated with corticoids and immunosuppressants promoted healing of large and very painful lesions in an adolescent girl with an excellent outcome, including rapid wound closure and decreased discomfort.

Pyoderma gangrenosum as a initial manifestation of ulcerative proctocolitis

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare inflammatory skin condition characterized by progressive and recurrent skin ulceration of destructive course. It is usually associated with rheumatoid arthritis, paraproteinemia, myeloproliferative diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases, especially non-specific ulcerative proctocolitis. In these situations, skin lesions are described as concurrent with the intestinal condition. However, reports on pyoderma gangrenosum preceding intestinal findings are less frequent. The authors describe a case of a woman with febrile condition associated with skin lesions diagnosed by biopsy as pyoderma gangrenosum. Two weeks later, she developed diarrhea, arthralgia and sepsis, being diagnosed as ulcerative proctocolitis. After the administration of the treatment for ulcerative proctocolitis, she showed improvements in sepsis care, remission of diarrhea and regression of skin lesions. This case highlights the importance of considering pyoderma gangrenosum as a manifestation associated with inflammatory bowel disease, regardless of its timing in relation to intestinal symptoms. (AU)

Pioderma gangrenoso é uma forma de inflamação cutânea, caracterizada por ulceração progressiva e recorrente da pele, com curso destrutivo. Geralmente é associada à artrite reumatoide, paraproteinemia, doenças mieloproliferativas e doença inflamatória intestinal, em especial retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica. Em tais casos, as lesões cutâneas são descritas concomitantes ao quadro intestinal, porém, relatos com descrição de pioderma gangrenoso precedendo achados intestinais são menos frequentes. Os autores relatam caso de mulher com quadro febril associado a lesões cutâneas diagnosticadas por biópsia como pioderma gangrenoso. Duas semanas depois, apresentou diarreia, artralgia e sepse sendo diagnosticada retocolite ulcerativa. Com o tratamento para retocolite ulcerativa apresentou melhora do quadro séptico, remissão da diarreia e regressão das lesões cutâneas. Este caso enfatiza a importância em considerar o pioderma gangrenoso como manifestação associada à doença inflamatória intestinal, independente de sua temporalidade em relação aos sintomas intestinais. (AU)

Pioderma gangrenoso após quadrantectomia de mama comradioterapia intraoperatória: relato de caso / Pyoderma gangrenosum after breast quadrantectomy with intraoperative radiotherapy: a case report

Pioderma gangrenoso é uma doença inflamatória imunomediada e rara da pele, de diagnóstico extremamente desafiador. A evolução clínica é a base para o diagnóstico, cursando com lesões pustulosas superficiais, halo eritematoso doloroso, rápida progressão para ulcerações dolorosas eestéreis, sem resposta a antibióticos ou a novas intervenções cirúrgicas e, finalmente, com pronta melhora com uso de imunossupressores. O atraso no diagnóstico pode acarretar numerosas internações e terapias prolongadas, sendo que, seu reconhecimento precoce, por outro lado, evita a progressão dessas ulcerações e sua morbidade. Relatou-se um caso de pioderma gangrenoso que evoluiu após cirurgia associada à radioterapia intraoperatória no tratamento conservador do câncer de mama, fazendo-se uma revisão de casos relatados na literatura e suas possibilidades terapêuticas. Questiona-se também se a radioterapia intraoperatória estaria relacionada com algum estímulo imunomediado, o que poderia ter facilitado o desencadeamento do quadro.

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare immune-mediated inflammatory disease of skin, which diagnosis is extremely challenging. The clinical course is the basis for diagnosis, coursing with superficial pustular lesions, erythematous halo, rapid progression to painful ulcerations and unresponsive to antibiotics or surgical interventions, and finally, with immediate improvement with the use of immunosuppressant.The delay in diagnosis can result in numerous hospitalizations and prolonged therapy, and its early recognition, moreover, prevents the progression of these ulcers and its morbidity. There was reported a case of pyoderma gangrenosum that developed after surgery associated with intraoperative radiotherapyin conservative treatment of breast cancer, making up a review of cases reported and their therapeutic possibilities. One may wonder also if the intraoperative radiotherapy would be associated with some immune-mediated stimulus, which could have facilitated the onset of the condition.

Dermatoses neutrofílicas: parte I / Neutrophilic dermatoses: part I

Os autores apresentam uma revisão das dermatoses neutrofílicas que possuem grande repercussão à saúde dos pacientes: síndrome de Sweet, pioderma gangrenoso, doença de Behçet e urticária neutrofílica. São discutidos, baseados nos resultados e conclusões de estudos relevantes publicados recentemente e na experiência dos autores, os principais aspectos clínicos, as importantes alterações histopatológicas e as opções para o manejo.

The authors present a review of neutrophilic dermatoses that have great impact on the health of patients: Sweet syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, Behçet's disease and neutrophilic urticaria. Major clinical aspects, histopathological changes and management options are discussed based on the results and conclusions of relevant studies recently published and on the authors' experience.

Pioderma gangrenoso / Pyoderma gangrenosum

É descrito caso de paciente de sete meses de idade com Pioderma gangrenoso em coxa direita. Não há associação com doença sistêmica. O tratamento foi feito com corticóide oral e sulfadiazina de prata. Obteve-se remissão da lesão.

The case is described of a 7 months old patient that presented Pyoderma gangrenosum in the right thigh. There isn't association with systemic desease. It was treated with oral corticoid and silver sulfadiazine.

Pioderma gangrenoso: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Pyoderma gangrenosum: case report and literature review

Se reporta el caso de una mujer de 65 años de edad procedente de Huaral (norte de Lima), con tiempo de enfermedad de seis meses, caracterizada por aumento de volumen de pierna derecha con múltiples lesiones pápulonodulares, muy dolorosas, de aparición progresiva, que evolucionan rápidamente a úlceras, que no ceden con tratamiento antibiótico ni antiinflamatorio. La paciente se encontró en buen estado general, con múltiples lesiones ulcerativas, de bordes irregulares y sobreelevados, eritematosos, violáceos, que siguen un trayecto lineal desde el tobillo hasta la rodilla. El cultivo para hongos y micobacterium fueron negativos. El frotis y cultivo para leishmania también fueron negativos en dos oportunidades. La anatomía patológica fue inespecífica, BAAR (-), PAS (-). Con estos resultados se concluyó en el diagnóstico clínico de pioderma gangrenoso, con buena respuesta al tratamiento con corticoides orales y dapsona. No se encontró ninguna enfermedad asociada. Se presenta el caso y revisión de la literatura por ser una entidad poco frecuente y que nos hace pensar en patologías más comunes y errar en el diagnóstico inicial retardando el inicio de tratamiento.

Pioderma gangrenosa en cirugía plástica: Comunicación de tres casos / Pyoderma gangrenosum: Report of three cases in plastic surgery

Pyoderma Gangrenosum is a rare disease whose etiology is probably autoimmune. We report two males aged 48 and 49 years and one female aged 54 years, with lesions in the right thigh, right leg and in the borders of a surgical incision in the chest. This article gives a brief description of the lesions, tips for diagnosis and help for the initial management and treatment.

Pioderma gangrenoso: una enfermedad compleja, revision y actualización / Pyoderma gangrenosum

El propósito de este artículo es una puesta al día de los criterios diagnóstico y evaluación de los diferentes tratamientos de pioderma gangrenoso. El P.G. tiene cuatro formasa clínicas y variantes histológicas. Está asociado frecuentemente a enfermedades sistémicas. Hay diferentes clases de tratamiento para esta enfdermedad, ambos local y sistémico de acuerdo al tipo de P. G

Pioderma gangrenosa con lesiones tipo dermatitis herpetiforme / Pyoderma gangrenosum with lesions dermatitis herpetiformis-like

Se reporta el caso de un paciente varón de 76 años, con una dermatosis caracterizada, inicialmente, por vesículas generalizadas, idénticas a una dermatitis herpetiforme; posteriormente, por lesiones vesiculares y ulcerativas en miembros inferiores y lesiones acneiformes en la cara; y finalmente, por lesiones ulcerativas en mano izquierda y en genitales. En todos los casos, las lesiones tenían el mismo patrón histiológico, caracterizado por un marcado infiltrado neutrofílico en la dermis, y respondían al tratamiento con dapsona.

Pioderma Gangrenoso: revisäo bibliográfica / Pyoderma gangrenosum: bibliographic revision

Esta revisäo descreve os principais aspectos do pioderma gangrenoso, destacando suas características clínicas, laboratoriais, histopatológicas, além da associaçao com outras doenças e os procedimentos terapêuticos utilizados. O objetivo deste relato é rever os achados clínicos recentes vinculados à doença e sintetizar as condutas relacionadas à enfermidade.